Health Words, Decoded
Health writing is full of words that sound more complicated than they are. This glossary explains the ones that appear most often in our articles. Definitions are deliberately simple and general; a professional may use a term in a more precise way.
A to D
Adaptogen
A label used for certain plants and herbs, such as ashwagandha, that are said to help the body cope with stress. Evidence varies from plant to plant. See our ashwagandha article, and ask a pharmacist before trying one.
Ankle brachial index (ABI)
A comparison of blood pressure at the ankle and the arm, used to check blood flow to the legs. Explained in our ABI guide.
Antibody
A protein that recognises a specific target. Besides their role in the immune system, antibodies are used as tools in laboratory tests.
Body mass index (BMI)
A number calculated from weight and height, used as a rough screening tool for weight. It cannot tell muscle from fat.
Body clock
The internal rhythm, roughly a day long, that influences when you feel sleepy or alert. Daylight is one of its strongest signals.
Dentine
The layer of a tooth beneath the enamel. It contains tiny channels, which is why exposed dentine can feel sensitive.
Dental implant
A small post placed in the jawbone to support a replacement tooth. Our implants explainer covers the basics.
E to R
Enamel
The hard outer coating of the visible part of a tooth. Acid and rough brushing can wear it down over time.
Exercise snack
A short burst of activity, from a minute to a few, spread through the day. See our guide.
Gum recession
When the gum line pulls back, exposing more of the tooth and sometimes the root.
Masking sound
Steady background noise, such as a fan, used to make sudden sounds less noticeable at night.
Power nap
A short, planned daytime rest intended to boost alertness without leaving you groggy.
S to Z
Saliva substitute
A gel, spray or liquid sold to ease a dry mouth. A pharmacist can explain the options. Background is in what causes dry mouth.
Sleep inertia
The heavy, foggy feeling just after waking, especially from deep sleep. Short naps make it less likely.
Spot reduction
The popular idea that exercising one body part burns fat from that area. It does not work in the way people hope.
Waist-to-height ratio
Waist measurement divided by height. It gives a rough idea of how much weight is carried around the middle.
Missing a word?
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